SECTION I
- X00 1 Cash, Johnny.
- X00 1 Pelecanos, George P.
- X00 1 Hurston, Zora Neale.
- X00 1 Fischer, Tibor, $d 1959-
- X00 1 Atwood, Margaret Eleanor, $d 1939-
- X00 1 Poe, Edgar Allan, $d 1809-1849.
- X00 1 Myers, Thomas S., $d 1840?-1870.
- X00 1 Smith, Lawrence, $d b. 1893.
- X00 1 Collins, John, $d d. 1665.
- X00 1 Van-Anderson, Helen, $d b. 1859.
- X00 1 Williams, John, $d fl. 1776-1777.
- X00 1 Byron, George Gordon Byron, $c Baron, $d 1788-1824.
- X00 0 Vlad $b III, $c Prince of Wallachia, $d 1430 or 31-1476 or 7.
- X00 1 Lee, Colin, $c tenor.
- X00 1 Smith, Thomas, $c chimney-sweeper.
- X00 1 Kennedy, Sarah, $c Ph. D.
- X00 1 Presley, Elvis, $d 1935-1977 $c (Spirit)
- X00 1 Day, Betty H. $q (Betty Harris)
- X00 1 Du Bois, W. E. B. $q (William Edward Burghardt), $d 1868-1963.
- X00 0 Ice Cube $c (Musician)
- X00 0 Thomas, $c ŕ Becket, Saint, $d 1118?-1170
- X00 0 Moses $c (Biblical leader)
- X00 0 Homer. $t Iliad.
- X00 1 Swift, Jonathan, $d 1667-1745. $t Gulliver's travels. $l German.
- X00 1 Twain, Mark, $d 1835-1910. $t Selections. $f 2001.
- X00 1 Handel, George Frideric, $d 1685-1759. $t Sonatas. $k Selections.
- X10 2 American Chemical Society.
- X10 2 Ford Motor Company.
- X10 2 Program for Cooperative Cataloging.
- X10 2 Washington Dulles International Airport.
- X10 2 Hebrew Union College. $b School of Sacred Music
- X10 1 Maryland. $b Office of Environmental Programs
- X10 1 United States. $b Navy. $b Atlantic Fleet. $b Division, 3rd. $b Battleship Squadron
- X10 2 American Library Association. $b Catalog Code Revision Committee
- X10 2 University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
- X10 2 Saint John the Evangelist Episcopal Church (New Brunswick, N.J.)
- X10 1 California. $b Superior Court (Los Angeles County)
- X10 2 Clash (Musical group)
- X10 2 Auschwitz (Concentration camp)
- X10 2 WAMU-FM (Radio station : Washington, D.C.)
- X10 2 League of Nations. $t Covenant.
- X10 2 International Court of Justice. $t Rules (1946)
- X10 2 United Nations. $t United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice.
- X11 2 Conference for African-American Researchers in the Mathematical Sciences $n (6th : $d 2000 : $c Baltimore, Md.)
- X11 2 Regional Conference on Women, Islam, and Family Planning $d (1995 : $c Niamey, Niger)
- X11 2 Olympic Games $n (21st : $d 1976 : $c Montreal, Quebec). $e Organizing Committee. $e Arts and Culture Program. $e Visual Arts Section.
- X11 2 British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition $d (1910-1913)
- X11 2 Festival cinema africano $n (7th : $d 1997 : $c Milan, Italy)
- X11 2 IEEE/AESS Dayton Chapter Symposium $n (15th : $d 1998 : $c Fairborn, Ohio)
- X11 2 UVX 2002 $d (2002 : $c Ile d'Oléron, France)
- X11 2 International Conference on Localisation $d (2000 : $c Imperial College, London)
- X11 2 International Symposium on Standardization of Hemotological Methods $d (1968 : $c Milan, Italy). $t Proceedings. $f 1970.
- X11 2 Council of Trent, $n 2nd, $d (1545-1563). $t Canones et decreta. $l English. $k Selections. $f 1962.
- X10 2 Association of Research Libraries. $b Meeting $n (111th : $d 1987 : $c Washington, D.C.)
- X10 2 Episcopal Church. $b Diocese of Pennsylvania. $b Convention $n (47th : $d 1831)
- X10 2 International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics. $b General Assembly $n (3rd : $d 1981 : $c Hamburg, Germany)
- United States.
- Zaire.
- Wheaton (Md.)
- Roanoke County (Va.)
- 651 0 Black River (Mo. and Ark.)
- 651 0 Appalachian Mountains.
- 651 0 Mississippi River Valley.
- 651 0 Indian Ocean.
- X10 1 United States. $b Environmental Protection Agency.
- X10 1 Maryland. $b Dept. of Agriculture.
- X10 1 Roanoke (Va.). $b City Planning Commission.
- X10 1 Zaire. $b Bureau du commissaire d'Etat.
- Koran.
- Bhagavadgita.
- Beowulf.
- Arabian nights.
- Talmud. $p Shabbat.
- Bible. $p O.T. $p Deuteronomy.
- 700 1 Hecht, Ben, $d 1893-1964, $e direction, $e production.
- 710 2 Eastman Kodak Company, $e defendant-appellant.
- 700 1 Galway, James. $4 prf $4 cnd.
- 710 2 W.H. Freeman and Company $4 fnd.
What is a name heading?
A name heading is an access point in a bibliographic record for a person, company, organization, or conference that had something to do with the creation of that work. These headings appear in records for all kinds of resources such as: monographs, serials, integrating resources, audiovisual materials, sound recordings, etc. Some examples of name headings: the author of a book, the editor of a book, a translator of a book, an actor in a film, a performer in an opera, etc. These headings allow catalog users to retrieve all of the relevant bibliographic records for the name they search.
Name headings are one of the most important kinds of access points for bibliographic records. The MARC fields on the bibliographic records for name headings have three digit parallel construction tags associated with them. These tags identify the fields and the kind of data that follows. This document will use the convention of the letter "X" to represent the first digit or the letters "XX" to represent the last two digits. The first digit of the tag represents where the name field may appear on the bibliographic record: the Main Entry (1XX), the Subject Entry (6XX), the Added Entry (7XX), or series (8XX). The last two digits of the tag represent the particular type of name or uniform title in the MARC field requiring authority control. These two digits will have a pattern, e.g.: Personal names (X00); Corporate names (X10); Conference Names (X11); Uniform Titles (X30). For more information about MARC fields requiring authority control that are also fields that use parallel tag construction, see What is a MARC record, Part 3.
Explanations and examples of different kinds of name headings
Personal names
Personal name headings represent individual people. They usually appear in inverted order ("last name, first name") sometimes followed by middle names, initials, titles, qualifiers, birth, and/or death dates. Sometimes a personal name heading will be followed by a uniform title in a subfield t ($t).
Examples of personal name headings (these can be in the 100, 600, 700, or 800 fields in bibliographic records and in 100, 400, or 500 fields in name authority records):
Some headings will be straightforward:
Some headings will be qualified by birth and/or death dates. For pre-20th century people you will occasionally see a name qualified by a "flourished" (abbreviated "fl.") date(s):
Some headings will be qualified by a title of nobility, fuller form of the name, academic degree, an occupation, etc.:
Some headings will be entered in direct order instead of the last name followed by the first name:
Some headings will be followed by a uniform title :
Corporate/Organizational Names
Corporate name headings represent individual corporations and organizations in a very broad sense. Government bodies, private companies, not-for-profit organizations, musical groups, churches, radio and television stations, clubs, courts, and committees are some examples of entities that we represent as corporate name headings. Corporate name headings can be complex because organizations sometimes change names, merge with or acquire other companies, and have complex hierarchies for subordinate bodies. Meetings, colloquia, etc. of organizations are entered under the name of the organization; see the next section for information on conferences.
Some types of "ambiguous entities" such as cemeteries, airports, galaxies, opera houses, railroads, shipyards, etc. are treated as corporate names.
Note that the first indicator is 2 when the name is in direct order and 1 when a governmental jurisdiction name appears first as an integral part of the name.
Note that if a geographic qualifier appears it must be in the authorized form. For example, the authorized form of College Park, Maryland is "College Park (Md.)" and it appears as a geographic qualifier as "College Park, Md.," NOT as "College Park, MD" or "College Park, Maryland," or "College Park (Md.)."
Examples of corporate name headings (these can be in the 110, 610, 710, or 810 fields in bibliographic records and in the 110, 410, or 510 in name authority records):
Some corporate name headings will be straightforward:
Some corporate name headings will show corporate hierarchies:
Some name headings will be qualified with the place the body is located:
Some name headings will be qualified by what type of body is represented:
Some name headings will be followed by a uniform title:
Conferences, Meetings, Events, Etc.
These types of headings are used for: athletic contests, conferences, exhibitions, expositions, festivals, meetings and scientific expeditions. Conferences and meetings either have a specific name and are entered under that name, or they have generic names and are entered under the name of the organization that is meeting.
Note that if a geographic qualifier appears it must be in the authorized form. For example, the authorized form of College Park, Maryland is "College Park (Md.)" and it appears as a geographic qualifier as "College Park, Md.," NOT as "College Park, MD" or "College Park, Maryland," or "College Park (Md.)." However, if a corporate name appears as a qualifier in a conference name heading, it will match the form of the corporate name used in the piece and not necessarily the authorized form.
Examples of named conference, meeting, etc. name headings (these can be in the 111, 611, 711, or 811 fields in bibliographic records and in the 111, 411, or 511 in name authority records):
Some named conference headings will be followed by uniform titles :
Examples of unnamed conferences, meetings, etc. (these can be in the 110, 610, 710, or 810 fields in bibliographic records and in the 110, 410, or 510 in name authority records)
Special Situations
Geographic entities
Geographic headings represent such things as: continents, countries, cities, municipalities, counties, neighborhoods, etc. Some geographic headings represent both a physical location and a political/organizational entity. These headings have dual lives as both corporate authors, and as subjects. If you were to check the NAF to verify a corporate name, you would search the heading as a name. If you were to check the NAF to verify a geographic heading used as a subject, you would search the heading as a subject. Geographic headings appear in both the name and subject files as 151. If a heading appears in a bibliographic record as a subject, it appears in a 651. If it appears in a bibliographic record as a corporate author however, it appears in the 110, 610, 710, or 810.
Examples of geographic entities that can appear in bibliographic records as corporate authors and also as geographic subject headings (651):
Examples of geographic entities that could only appear as subject and never as a corporate name:
Examples of geographic entities that could only appear as corporate headings and never as a geographic subject (651). These headings could appear as 110, 610, 710, or 810 in bibliographic records and as 110, 410, or 510 in the name authority records):
Anonymous works
For works with unknown authors, the main entry is usually a uniform title in the 130, field; they can also appear in 630, 730, or 830 fields. You would search for these titles in the NAF by a Title search, just as you do for series titles.
Examples of anonymous works:
Relator terms and relator codes
Relator terms ($e) and relator codes ($4) sometimes appear after name headings in bibliographic records to describe the relationship between the name and the work. These are not part of the authorized form of the heading and are not found in name authority records. Click here for more information about relator codes.
Examples of relator terms and codes:
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