Glossary of Terms Used
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| Bindery Preparation: | Conservation Unit procedures used to physically prepare library materials for commercial binding. These include photocopying pages, cleaning, mending paper, etc. (Also called "bindery prep.") Conservation, Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Board Tacket: | A method of board reattachment, used primarily for leather-bound books. Conservation |
| Box Prep: | (Box preparation) Measuring and preparing of instructions for ordering phase boxes for outside vendor. Conservation |
| Brittle: | A condition of paper where it loses strength and deteriorates over time because of the acid with which it was made and the environment in which it is housed. Brittleness is determined by the two-double fold test. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Calendared: | A condition of paper where it is severely pressed during the manufacturing process. The result is a smooth surface and fibers so compressed that they do not absorb water and chemicals well. Mass Deacidification |
| Case Binding: | A new covering made for a book where the old cover boards cannot be reused. The process of case binding may also include such tasks as page mending, cleaning the spine, and attaching new endsheets. The procedure is also called "recase." Conservation, Bindery |
| Check: | Bindery unit procedure for verifying the color, volume, year, title, call number, and other information for serials before sending to the commercial bindery. Bindery |
| Coated: | A condition of paper where it is manufactured with a glossy coating (usually made from a clay substance). Mass Deacidification |
| Commercial Bindery: | Vendor used to bind UMD monographs, serials, and theses. The current vendor is Mid-Atlantic Bookbindery. Bindery |
| Custom Bindery Form: | A form filled out by the Bindery Unit instructing the commercial bindery to bind an item in a particular manner outside of the regular procedures. Bindery |
| Cut Bolts: | A procedure to open up the pages of a signature when the head, tail, or foredge has not been trimmed by the publisher. Conservation |
| Deacidification: | A procedure that neutralizes the acid in paper by introducing an alkaline chemical (i.e. magnesium). Mass Deacidification |
| Drop Spine: | A type of box containing two trays which fold into one another. The box is constructed from binder's board and is covered in cloth. Conservation |
| Edit: | Bindery unit procedure for checking the title, author, and call number information for monographs. Bindery |
| Encapsulation: | An enclosure where individual leaves are encased between sheets of Mylar (clear Polyester). The edges of the Mylar are sealed ultrasonically. Conservation |
| Enclosure: | A protective container. Enclosures may include any type of box, encapsulation, a folder, or any other custom designed container. Conservation |
| Endsheets: | Two or more leaves in the front and back of a book, between the covers and the textblock. The endsheets are made up of the pastedown, which is adhered to the board, and the flyleaf, which is free. The endsheets are attached via a method complimentary to the book structure (i.e. sewn, adhesive). Conservation |
| Flag: | A piece of paper inserted into an item that alerts staff to special instructions or special features. Also a verb, meaning to insert the flag into the item. Conservation, Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Flatten Pages: | Any method used to flatten distorted pages. Conservation |
| Free Fly: | A blank leaf at the end of a book. The leaf will carry the date due slip or "Do Not Circulate" stamp. The Conservation Unit tips into the back of a book a piece of acid-free paper if the book contains no free fly. Conservation, EPU |
| Hinge: | The interior junction of the board and paper or endsheets of a book. Conservation, Bindery |
| Hinge-in/on: | Reattachment of a loose leaf or photocopied replacement page to the textblock with Japanese paper and paste. The Japanese paper makes a hinge between the textblock and the loose page. Conservation |
| Inlay Cover: | A case binding where some components of the original cover are saved and integrated into the new cover. Conservation |
| Inquiry: | Bindery unit procedure for reattaching bar codes and adding date due slips or "Do Not Circulate" stamp to books returned from the commercial bindery. Bindery |
| Joint: | The exterior junction of the spine and covers of a case bound book. Conservation, Bindery |
| LARS: | The software the Bindery Unit uses to process serials. The program contains a database of cataloged UMD serials, from which bindery staff select titles and add variable information for binding. Information from LARS regarding the serials' measurements and spine information is given to the commercial binder on diskette for use with his equipment. Bindery |
| Leaf: | An individual page of a book-one sheet. Conservation |
| Lot: | The weekly shipment of books for the commercial bindery. "Closing the lot" refers to the cutoff time during the week when no more items will be added to the current shipment. At this point, the lot is "closed" and the paperwork for sending the entire shipment to the binder must be prepared. Bindery |
| Mass Deacidification: | UMD Preservation Department program where quantities of books are sent to a vendor to be deacidified. The process occurs in chambers to several volumes at once, instead of individually. Mass Deacidification |
| Master Negative: | The first generation of microfilm. The master negative is usually stored offsite and rarely used for reproduction. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Pamphlet Binding: | A simple binding for a single signature or loose-leaf structure that is too thin to be bound. The materials are sewn, stapled, or glued into a prefabricated protective covering made of acid-free boards. Also called "Pam Bind." Conservation, EPU |
| Paper Mend: | A repair to a paper tear or a fill-in to a leaf with a missing piece using Japanese paper and paste or heat-set tissue. Conservation |
| Personal Binding: | Any material not owned by UMD brought to the Bindery Unit to be sent with the regular shipment for binding. Customers who bring in personal binding must pre-pay. Personal binding usually consists of theses and dissertations brought by UMD students. Bindery |
| Phase Box: | An enclosure for fragile or damaged materials that is made from board, with four flaps that wrap around the item. Conservation |
| Photocopy: | Producing replacement pages for missing or damaged pages via photocopy reproduction. Conservation, Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Pocket: | A modified pre-fabricated envelope or custom enclosure made to hold supplemental or loose material. It is usually adhered to the back cover. Pockets are often made for map supplements and for music parts. Conservation |
| Post Bind: | A form of binding for loose leaves using screw posts. Individual leaves, which may be encapsulated, are hole punched and then inserted onto the posts. Conservation |
| Preservation Committee: | UMD Libraries committee whose charge is "to facilitate the attainment of preservation goals and to oversee the accomplishment of other preservation activities through a cooperative, consensual process." Conservation, Brittle Materials and Reformatting, Surveys |
| Preservation Photocopy: | A facsimile reproduced according to guidelines set forth by the American Library Association ALCTS division. The photocopy must be on acid-free paper and may be bound, according to the Library Binding Institute standard. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Print Master: | The second generation of microfilm, produced from the master negative. The print master is also a negative and is used to produce service copies. It is usually stored offsite. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Reback: | Replacement of the materials covering the spine of a book. Some original components (the cover boards) are kept. The procedure may include replacing the endsheets and other tasks. Conservation |
| Recase: | See "Case Binding" |
| Replace Endsheets: | New endsheets are tipped onto the textblock. The textblock is then reattached into the original case. Unlike case binding, the original case is re-used. Conservation |
| Re-Sew: | Repair for volumes with loose or broken sewings. Conservation |
| Reuse Case: | A type of binding where the case is reused and the textblock must be reattached. Conservation |
| Revise: | Bindery Unit and End Processing Unit quality control procedures. For the Bindery, the procedures include checking for commercial bindery defects, comparing title and variable information, matching up bookplates, and property stamping the items. For the End Processing Unit, the procedures include checking the title and call number, the circulating status, and security strips. Bindery, EPU |
| Salvage: | Activities to recover materials damaged outside of normal use (usually by water). Conservation |
| Security Strip: | Magnetic strip adhered between pages or in the spine of a book that will activate an alarm if the item is not desensitized during the checkout process. Bindery, EPU |
| Service Copy: | The third generation of microfilm, produced from the print master. The service copy is the copy the reader will use and is cataloged and stored in the library. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Signature: | A group of consecutive pages formed when a printed sheet of paper is folded. Signatures are sewn through the fold to form the textblock. Conservation |
| Split Board: | A binding technique used for heavy or thick textblocks. The binding is very strong, and is made from 2-ply boards. Conservation |
| Stamp: | To mark a library item with the UMD property stamp. EPU, Bindery |
| Stamping: | The words embossed onto library materials or boxes by the vendor. Conservation, Bindery |
| Stiffen Cover: | A procedure for strengthening a spiral bound item by adhering a piece of card stock to the original covers or by adding new board covers. Conservation |
| Strip: | To place a security strip inside a library item. EPU |
| Target: | A graphic or textual image generally produced on a sheet of paper or cardstock containing bibliographic and technical data about materials being microfilmed. Targets are filmed along with the library item and therefore enhance the user's understanding of the contents of the film. Targets contain such information as who created the film, how it was produced, which titles are on the reel, whether there are imperfections in the original text, etc. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Textblock: | A group of signatures or leaves that form the book before it receives its cover. Conservation |
| Tighten Joints: | A book repair where adhesive is inserted into the joint area of a case bound book in order to tighten the attachment of the boards. Conservation |
| Tip-in: | Reattachment of a photocopied replacement page with a thin line of adhesive (usually PVA). Conservation |
| Tux Box: | An enclosure for fragile or damaged materials that is made from lightweight board, with four flaps that wrap around the item. Conservation |
| Two-Double Fold Test: | A test for paper brittleness. The corner of a leaf of paper is folded at a width no more than 1/2 inch back and forth twice, using gentle pressure. If the corner breaks off at any time during the folding or comes off with a gentle tug at the last folding, the paper is brittle. Brittle Materials and Reformatting |
| Vacuum Freeze Dry: | A vendor-performed procedure for drying wet library materials. The frozen materials are placed in a chamber and then the air is removed, thereby removing the moisture from the materials. Conservation |
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Last modified: August 20, 2004