Last revised: August 2007

The Bible, Literature and Literary Criticism

Scope: This guide points to resources which treat the Bible as literature. Email the subject area specialist yluckert@umd.edu or call 301-405-9365 for more information.

Books on the Bible in the CATALOG

Use the subject beginning with... search option to search for books about the Bible, and, in some cases, specific chapters and verses. Examples:

• Bible O T ecclesiastes
• Bible O T judges xix-xi

Types of books may be searched. Examples:

• Bible O T historical books
• Bible O T pentateuch
• Bible O T wisdom literature
• Bible N T gospels
• Bible N T epistles of paul

Also use the word/s anywhere search option for other topics. Examples:

• Bible hermeneutics
• Bible criticism interpretation
• Bible language
• New testament women

To locate additional published books not held in the University of Maryland Libraries search WorldCat.

Following are a number of approaches to the study of the Bible, with selected subject headings and examples of books.

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The Bible and Literature and the Bible as Literature

• Alter, Robert. The World of Biblical Literature. New York: Basic Books, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.A57 1992
  Alter has also written The Art of Biblical Narrative (1981) and The Art of Biblical Poetry (1985).
• A Complete Literary Guide to the Bible. Ed. by Leland Ryken and Tremper Longman III. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.C56 1993
• Frye, Northrop. The Great Code: The Bible and Literature. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1982.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: PN56.B5F7 1983
  Frye's position has stimulated much discussion.
• Gabel, Jon B, and Charles B. Wheeler. The Bible as Literature: An Introduction. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.G25 1990
• Norton, David. A History of the Bible as Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Vol. 1: From antiquity to 1700. Vol. 2: From 1700 to the present day.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS585.N67 1993
• Fokkelman, J. P. Psalms in form : the Hebrew psalter in its poetic shape Leiden, The Netherlands : Deo Publishing, c2002.
  LOCATION: MCK Folio
  CALL NUMBER: BS1420 .F65 2002
• Wilder, Amos N. The Bible and the Literary Critic. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1991.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.W55 1991
  Wilder's essays show a number of the issues and conflicts concerning the meaning and methods of using literary criticism in relation to the Bible.

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The Bible in Literature

• A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature. Ed. by David Lyle Jeffrey. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: PR149.B5D53 1992

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Feminist Criticism

• Feminist Interpretation of the Bible. Ed. by Letty M. Russell. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1985.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS680.W7F46
• Searching the Scriptures. By Elisabeth Schussler Fiorenza, with Shelly Matthews. 2 vols. New York: Crossroad, 1993-94.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS2379.S43

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Hermeneutics

• Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. New York: Seabury Press, 1975.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BD241.G313
  "Perhaps the most influential book in hermeneutical theory in the last quarter century." (Encyclopedia of Religion, vol. 6, p. 286)
• Efird, James M. How to Interpret the Bible. Atlanta: Knox, 1984.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS476.E35
• Tate, W. Randolph. Biblical Interpretation: An Integrated Approach. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Pub., 1991.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS476.T375

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History of the Interpretation of the Bible

• Grant, Robert M. A Short History of the Interpretation of the Bible. Rev. ed. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS500.G7 1984
• Rogerson, John W. Old Testament Criticism in the Nineteenth Century: England and Germany. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1995.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1160.R6 1985
• Smalley, Beryl. The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 1983.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS500.S5 1983

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Literary Genres

Search under terms such as HEBREW, POETRY, BIBLICAL HISTORY, CRITICISM, NARRATIVE IN THE BIBLE.

• Literary Interpretations of Biblical Narratives. Ed. by Kenneth R.R. Gros Louis, with James S. Ackerman and Thayer S. Warshaw. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1974.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.G76 v. 2
• Damrosch, David. The Narrative Covenant: Transformations of Genre in the Growth of Biblical Literature. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1987.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1171.D26 1987
• The Gospel of John as Literature: An Anthology of Twentieth-Century Perspectives. Selected and introduced by Mark W.G. Stibbe. New York: E.J. Brill, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS2615.2.G65 1993

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Worlds of the Bible

The World of the Author: The Bible, Creativity, and Inspiration

Search under BIBLE INSPIRATION, INSPIRATION IN LITERATURE, CREATIVITY LITERARY ARTISTIC, or browse under call numbers: BS480, PR508.I.

• Williams, Meg Harris. Inspiration in Milton and Keats. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble, 1982.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: PR508.I48W5

The World in Itself: The Truth-Claims of the Bible and the Truth of Literature and the Classics

In addition to general works on criticism and hermeneutics, search under BIBLE EVIDENCES, AUTHORITY (browse call numbers: BS480), CANON (LITERATURE).

• Sternberg, Meir. Poetics of Biblical Narrative: Ideological Literature and the Drama of Reading. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.S725
  See "Fiction and History" (pp. 23-35)
• Bloom, Harold. The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: PN81.B545 1994
• Tracy, David. Plurality and Ambiguity: Hermeneutics, Religion, and Hope. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1987.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BR118.T68 1987

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The Bible and the Reader

• Alter, Robert. The Pleasures of Reading in an Ideological Age. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: Z1003.A567 1989
• Nell, Victor. Lost in a Book: The Psychology of Reading for Pleasure. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: Z1003.N426 1988

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Biblical Texts

Versions of the Bible

• Chamberlin, William J. Catalogue of English Bible Translations: A Classified Bibliography of Versions and Editions Including Books, Parts, and Old and New Testament Apocrypha and Apocryphal Books. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS455.C5 1991

Electronic Versions of the Bible

• The Bible in English (LION)
  20 English translations of the Bible (or of portions), from a tenth-century West Saxon translation of the Gospels to The New English Bible (1970). Most are from the 16th and early 17th centuries, including the Geneva Bible (1587), the Rheims Douai Bible (1582, 1610), and the King James Bible (1610).
• King James Bible (LION)
  Full text of the 'Authorized' edition of the Bible (from 1611) Includes all introductory matter, annotations, calendars, genealogies and tables.
• Bar Ilan?s Judaic Library in a class by itself-- : plus Responsa & Encyclopedia TalmuditMonsey, N.Y. : Torah Educational Software, c2003.
  LOCATION: UMCP MCK Reference Desk Media Cabinet
  CALL NUMBER: BM501 .R47 2003
  Beginning with the Bible, the disk includes numerous Bible commentaries - the Mishna, Tosefta, Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmud, halachic and aggadic midrashim, the Rambam, Shulhan Aruch, Mishna Brura - and an incredible variety of responsa (halachic questions and answers) that go back to the great sages of Babylonia in the eighth century CE and continue through the 20th century
• Judaic bookshelf [computer file] : master library = ha-Madaf ha-Torani ha-shalem Monsey, NY : Torah Educational Software, [2002?]
  LOCATION: UMCP MCK Reference Desk Media Cabinet
  CALL NUMBER: BM495 .J835 2002
  Tanach and 24 Bible Commentaries, Talmud Bavli and Commentaries as well as most key Halachic and Aggadic works including the Zohar
• The Apostles' Bible
  A MODERN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE GREEK SEPTUAGINT. Translated by Sir Lancelot C.L. Brenton. REVISED AND EDITED BY PAUL W ESPOSITO
• BibleGateway.com
  "a free service for reading and researching Scripture online--all in the language or translation of your choice."

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Parallel Bible

• The Complete Parallel Bible: Containing the Old and New Testaments with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books. New Revised Standard Version, Revised English Bible, New American Bible, New Jerusalem Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS125.B5 1993

Bible Texts in Greek and Hebrew

• Bible. O.T. Greek. The Septuagint Version of the Old Testament with an English Translation. . . . London: S. Baster, 1900.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS742.B74 1900
• Bible. N. T. Greek.. 1966. The Greek New Testament. 3rd ed. New York: United Bible Societies, 1965.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1965 1966a
• Sefer Yeshayahu. The Book of Isaiah. Ed. by Moshe H. Goshen-Gottstein. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, 1995.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1515.2.G63 1995
  The first volume of the Hebrew University Bible project. Hebrew and English textual criticism.
• Bible. O.T. Hebrew. 1955. [Torah Nebiʾim Kethubim] The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic text Philadelphia, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1955.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS715 1955

Do a SERIES browse for Soncino books: SONCINO BOOKS OF THE BIBLE.

• Bible. O.T. Hebrew. Soncino. 1985. Samuel: Hebrew Text & English Translation with an Introduction and Commentary. By S. Goldman. New York: Soncino Press, 1985.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1151.S65 1985 vol. 3

For Hebrew Bibles, browse under call numbers BS715.

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Texts Outside the Canon

Search under APOCRYPHAL BOOKS.

• The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Ed. by James E. Charlesworth. 2 vols. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1983- .
  LOCATIONS: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1830.A3 1983
• The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation. By J.K. Elliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993. [revision of M.R James edition of 1924]
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS2832.A2 1993
• The Nag Hammadi Library in English. Translated and introduced by members of the Coptic Gnostic Library Project of the Institute for Antiquity and Christianity, Claremont, Calif.; James M. Robinson, general editor. 3rd ed. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1988.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BT1391.A3 1988b
• Pritchard, James B. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. 3rd. ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969.
  LOCATIONS: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks, McKeldin Library Folio
  CALL NUMBER: BS1180.P83 1969

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Reference Sources

Atlases

• The Harper Atlas of the Bible. Ed. by James B. Pritchard. New York: Harper & Row, 1987.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Government Documents - Atlas
  CALL NUMBER: G2230.H47 1987
• The Macmillan Bible Atlas. By Yohanan Aharoni and Michael Avi-Yonah. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks, McKeldin Library Folio
  CALL NUMBER: G2230.A2 1993

Bibliographies

Coverage of General Reference Sources

• Danker, Frederick W. Multipurpose Tools for Bible Study. Rev. ed. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS511.2.D355 1993
  For students; gives advice on the use of the tools.
• Gorman, G.E., and Lyn Gorman. Theological and Religious Reference Materials: General Resources and Biblical Studies. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1984.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks, McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS511.2.G67 1984
• An Index to English Periodical Literature on the Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies. Compiled and edited by William G. Hupper. 3 vols. Metuchen, NJ: American Theological Library Association and Scarecrow Press, 1987.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1171.2.H86
  "This index includes all English Language articles from over 600 journals. . . indexed completely from the first year of issue (unless otherwise indicated) through 1969/70" (p. xv).
• Metzger, Bruce M., compiler. Index to Periodical Literature on Christ and the Gospels. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1966.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: Z7772.M1M4

Literary Approaches

• Gottcent, John H. The Bible as Literature: A Selective Bibliography. Boston: G.K Hall, 1979.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.G6
• Minor, Mark. Literary-Critical Approaches to the Bible: An Annotated Bibliography. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill Press, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS511.2.M56 1992
• Minor, Mark. Literary-Critical Approaches to the Bible: A Bibliographical Supplement. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill Press, 1996.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS511.2.M56 1992 Suppl.
• Powell, Mark Allan. The Bible and Modern Literary Criticism: A Critical Assessment and Annotated Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS535.P6 1992
• Watson, Duane F., and Alan J. Hauser. Rhetorical Criticism of the Bible: A Comprehensive Bibliography with Notes on History and Method. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS511.2.W37 1993
  The "Notes on history and method" gives a useful overview of the development of the rhetorical approach.

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Commentaries

• The New Jerome Biblical Commentary. Ed. by Raymond E. Brown, Joseph A. Fitzmyer, Roland E. Murphy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1990.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS491.2.N485 1990
• The Interpreter's Bible. The Holy Scriptures in the King James and Revised Standard Versions. . . . New York: Abingdon Press, 1951-1957.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks and McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS491.2.N484
• The New Interpreter's Bible. A commentary in twelve volumes. Nashville: Abingdon, 1994-
  Gives full text of New International Version and New Revised Standard Version of the Bible. New volumes being published about every six months.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS491.2.I55
• The JPS Torah Commentary. Genesis. The Traditional Hebrew Text with the New JPS Translation. Commentary by Nahum M. Sarna. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1989.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1235,3.S325 1989
• Bible. O.T. Hebrew. Aleppo Codex. 1992. Mi?ra?ot gedolot ha-Keter. Ramat-Gan : Universi?at Bar Ilan, [1992-<2000 >]
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Folio
  CALL NUMBER: BS715.5 .A43 1992
  
• Rashi ʻal ha-Torah. Commentary by Rashi. Jerusalem : Ḳiryah neʾemanah, 722 [1961 or 1962]
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1225 .S6 1961
• Perush Rashi le-sefer Tehilim / Rashi?s commentary on PsalmsLeiden ; Boston : Brill, 2004.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1429 .R3713 2003
• The Schocken Bible. 1995- .
  This new translation and commentary series began with the following work:
• The Five Books of Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. A new translation with introductions, commentary, and notes, by Everett Fox. New York: Schocken Books, 1995.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1223.A3F68 1995
• Bible. English. 1964. Anchor Bible. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1964- .
  LOCATIONS: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS192.2.A1 1964 (Some volumes are cataloged individually. To locate call numbers of individual volumes do a keyword search using the name of the book and the words "anchor" and "bible" EX: anchor bible matthew)
• Zohar / Sefer ha-Zohar ʻal ḥamishah ḥumshe Torah Cordovero, Moses ben Jacob, 1522-1570. Yerushalayim : Ḳalman Bain, [2004 or 2005-].
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Folio
  CALL NUMBER: BM525 .A5 2004

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Concordances

• Hatch, Edwin, 1835-1889. A concordance to the Septuagint and the other Greek versions of the Old Testament (including the Apocryphal books) Grand Rapids, Mich. : Baker Books, c1998.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS1122 .H3 1998
• Kohlenberger, John R., III. The NRSV Concordance Unabridged. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1991.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS425.K645 1991
  English only; includes topical index.
• Strong, James. The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible. New York: Abingdon Press, 1890[1970].
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Folio
  CALL NUMBER: BS425.S8 1970
• Modern Concordance to the New Testament. Ed. by Michael Darton. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1976.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS2305.M6 1976b
  Arrangement based on the Greek words.
• Taylor, Bernard A. The Analytical Lexicon to the Septuagint: A Complete Parsing Guide. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1994.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS744.T38 1994
  A lexicon of the Greek words of the Septuagint, using the programs of the Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint Studies (CATSS), based on the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (TLG) project.

For works similar to concordances search under BIBLE INDEXES.

• Day, A. Colin. Roget's Thesaurus of the Bible. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS432.D38 1992

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Dictionaries

• The Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1992.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS440.A54 1992
• Botterweck, G. Johannes, and Helmer Ringgren. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Rev. ed. 4 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans. 1974.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS440.B5713
• Avneyon, Eitan. Milon ha-entsiḳlopedi shel ha-Miḳra [Tel Aviv] : Etav-bet hotsaʾah le-or, 2003, c1998.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS440 .M53 2003
• Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory Groden, Michael and Martin Kreisworth, editors.
  Essays defining literary terms and explaining literary theories, periods, movements. Biographical information about writers, literary theorists and cultural critics.
• Kittel, Gerhard. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Trans. and ed. by G. W. Bromley. 9 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: PA881.K513
• Neusner, Jacob, ed. Dictionary of Judaism in the Biblical Period: 450 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. 2 vols. New York: Macmillan, 1996.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BM50.D525 1996
• Van der Toorn, Karel, Bob Becking, and Pieter w. van der Horst, eds. Dictionary of Deities and Demons on the Bible (DDD). New York: E.J. Brill, 1995.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS680.G57D53 1995

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Encyclopedias

• Encyclopedia Judaica. Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Judaica, 1972 (and supplements).
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks and McKeldin Library Reference Desk Media Cabinet (CD-ROM)
  CALL NUMBER: DS102.8.E5
• The Encyclopedia of Religion. New York: Macmillan, 1987.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BL31.E46 1987
  Note articles on Biblical Exegesis, Biblical Literature, Hermeneutics, etc.
• Entsiklopediyah mikra?it : otsar ha-yedi?ut al mikra ve-tikufato. . Yerushalayim : Mosad Bialik, 1950-.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS440 .E5
  Note articles on Biblical Exegesis, Biblical Literature, Hermeneutics, etc.
• Jewish Encylopedia . (http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/index.jsp )
  This website contains the complete contents of the 12-volume Jewish Encyclopedia, which was originally published between 1901-1906. The Jewish Encyclopedia, which recently became part of the public domain, contains over 15,000 articles and illustrations. This online version contains the unedited contents of the original encyclopedia.
• New Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967 (and supplements).
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BX841.N4

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Guides to the Bible

• The Books of the Bible. Ed. by Bernhard W. Anderson. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS540.B62 1989
• Metzger, Bruce M., and Michael David Coogan. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS440.M434 1993
• The Cambridge History of the Bible. Ed. by P.R. Ackroyd and others. 3 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963-1970.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS445.C26
• Finegan, Jack. Handbook of Biblical Chronology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1964.
  LOCATIONS: McKeldin Library Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS637.2.F5

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Indexes, Abstracts, and Serial Bibliographies

Bible Studies -- Comprehensive Serial Bibliographies

• Bibliographie Biblique . . . Quebec: Presses do l'Universite Laval, 1972- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS410.B5
  Latest edition in McKeldin covers 1930 to 1983.
• Elenchus of Biblica. 1988- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: Z7770.E63
  The most complete international coverage of the biblical literature.

Classical Studies -- Comprehensive Annual Bibliographies

• Database of Classical Bibliography.
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Desk Media Cabinet
  CALL NUMBER: PA1 .D32
  "Contains citations of all known scholarly work published in any language anywhere in the world concerning the areas of ancient Greek and Latin language and linguistics, Greek and Roman history, literature, philosophy, numismatics, papyrology and epigraphy, and concerning the time period from the second millennium B.C. to roughly 500-800 A.D. Based primarily upon: L'Annee Philologique."
• L'Année Philologique
  Index to journal articles, books, articles in collections, and conference papers on multiple aspects of ancient Greek and Roman civilization.

Feminist Studies -- Indexes

• GenderWatch.
  Full text database primarily of the many ongoing periodicals that deal with gender issues, including academic and scholarly journals, regional publications, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, booklets and reports.
• Womens Studies International.
  Anthology of 10 files. Provides indexes and abstracts for over 2,000 periodical sources plus books, book chapters, nonprint materials, proceedings, reports, theses, websites, web documents and grey literature.

Modern Literatures and Literary Criticism -- Index

• MLA International Bibliography of Books and Articles on the Modern Languages and Literature
  Indexes journals, books, essay collections, proceedings, dissertations, and bibliographies published worldwide in the areas of literary criticism, language, linguistics, rhetoric, and folklore of all countries. Note that it is possible to search for "scholarly approaches" by combining the word APPROACH with a designation such as COGNITIVE, COMPARATIVE, DECONSTRUCTIONIST, DIACHRONIC, FEMINIST, HISTORICAL, LINGUISTIC, MARXIST, PEDAGOGICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, POSTSTRUCTURALIST, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, SEMIOTIC, SOCIOLINGUISTIC, etc.

Philosophy -- Index

• Philosophers Index.
  Indexes and abstracts 480 plus journals, books, and anthologies published since 1940 in the subject area of philosophy.

Recent Periodical Literature -- Index

• Academic Search Premier.
  General periodical index.

Religious and Biblical Studies -- Indexes

• ATLA Religion Index
  Provides abstracts and indexing for articles, essays, and book reviews in over 1550 journals and multi-author works dealing with religious and theological scholarship. International in scope and language coverage. Covers all types of religions.
  In addition to keyword searching, there is available searching by Bible/biblical subject headings and scripture citations.
• RAMBI (Reshimat Ma'amarim Be'mada'e Ha-yahadut) OR Index of Articles on Jewish Studies 1967- .
  Print version: RAMBI (Reshimat Ma'amarim Be'mada'e Ha-yahadut) OR Index of Articles on Jewish Studies LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks CALL NUMBER: Z6366.I4
  "RAMBI is a selective bibliography of articles in the various fields of Jewish studies and in the study of Eretz Israel. Material listed in Rambi is compiled from thousands of periodicals and from collections of articles - in Hebrew, Yiddish, and European languages- mainly from the holdings of the Jewish National and University Library, a world center for research on the Jewish people and Eretz Israel."
• Catholic Periodical and Literature Index. quarterly. 1930- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: AI3.C321
  International coverage, over 130 titles. Subject, author and editor, book title, and book review indexes. (Titles covered are not also indexed in Religion Index One.)
• Index to Jewish Periodicals. semi-annual. 1963- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks (1964-1985)
  CALL NUMBER: Z6367.I5
  Index to English-language Jewish general periodicals and scholarly journals. Author and subject indexing, with book reviews listed separately.
• Old Testament Abstracts. triannual. 1978- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BS410.042
  Periodical articles and book notices listed separately, arranged by subject, with indexes of authors, scripture, Semitic words. International in coverage.
• Religion Index One: Periodicals. semi-annual. 1949- . 1977-[1995].
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks (Humanities Alcove)
  CALL NUMBER: Z7553.A51
  From American Theological Library Association. Subject index, with author/editor index and scripture index. Indexes over 500 international periodicals.
• Religion Index Two: Multi-Author Works. annual. 1960-[1995].
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Stacks (Humanities Alcove)
  CALL NUMBER: Z7753.A52
  Indexes essays in western languages from collected works, festschriften, conference proceedings, and reprints. Subject, author/editor, scripture indexes. See also ATLA Religion Database on CD-ROM.
• Religious and Theological Abstracts. quarterly. 1958- .
  LOCATION: McKeldin Library Reference Stacks
  CALL NUMBER: BR1.R286
  Indexes and abstracts articles from about 400 international periodicals. Abstracts are classified into biblical, theological, historical, and practical. Subject, author, scripture indexes.

Indexes Not Available at UM

• Christian Periodical Index. 1956- .
• New Testament Abstracts. 1956- .

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Internet Resources

• Early Jewish Writings (http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/)
  Early Jewish Writings is the most complete collection of Jewish documents from antiquity with translations, introductions, and links.
• Early Christian Writings (http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/)
  Early Christian Writings is the most complete collection of documents from the first two centuries with translations and commentary. Includes the New Testament, Apocrypha, Gnostics, and Church Fathers.
• Resource Pages for Biblical Studies (http://www.torreys.org/bible)
  A General Collection of Internet Resources for the Study of the Bible from Volda College, Norway.
• Online Search Engine for Canonical Texts (ECanon) (http://purl.org/ECanon)
  It was produced with funding from the Society of Biblical Literature and the National Council of Churches. They provide five versions of the Bible: King James, Revised Standard Version and New Revised Standard Version, Westcott and Hort Greek New Testament. More versions will be forthcoming, as will sacred texts from other religious traditions.
• Bible Gateway (http://bible.gospelcom.net)
  Provides searching and display of Bible passages in six English versions and other modern languages.

Web Sites for Resources on the Study of the Ancient World

• ABZU: Guide to Resources for the Study of the Ancient Near East Available on the Internet (http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/DEPT/RA/ABZU/ABZU.HTML)
  Research Archives of the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago.
• Ancient History Sourcebook (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook.html)
  The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook is a companion to the Internet Medieval Sourcebook and the Internet Modern History Sourcebook.
• Diotima: Materials for the Study of Women and Gender in the Ancient World. (http://www.stoa.org/diotima/)
  University of Kentucky, College of Arts and Sciences.